Visit the Store Visit the Store Published 12/09/2016 What is Vitamin D? Vitamin D is an essential bone-building vitamin. Your body can absorb calcium — the primary component of bone — only when sufficient vitamin D is present. Vitamin D also supports muscles, nerves and the immune system.* Low levels of vitamin D are linked with a range of health risks and adverse consequences.* In the United States, most dietary vitamin D is obtained from fortified foods, such as breakfast cereals, milk and some yogurts. Some brands of orange juice, margarine and soy beverages also are fortified with vitamin D. Very few foods naturally contain vitamin D, although there is a small amount of vitamin D in: Vitamin D deficiency — defined as a vitamin D level below 20 nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL) — is relatively common in the United States. One large survey found that 42 percent of the population was deficient. Many experts believe that for optimal health, blood levels of vitamin D should be at least 30 ng/mL. For many people, it's tough to get enough vitamin D. Direct exposure to sunlight is the most efficient source of vitamin D; however, depending on where you live and your lifestyle, sunlight can be difficult to come by in the winter. In warmer months, it's wise to avoid too much sun or block it with sunscreen. This is generally a smart move, but it means you won't get as much vitamin D from sunlight. You could be at a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency if you: How can vitamin D affect my health? Having a sufficient level of vitamin D can help you in several ways: How much supplemental vitamin D should I take? The recommended amount of a vitamin D dietary supplement depends on your blood level of the vitamin. Unless you are starting out with an extremely high blood level of vitamin D, which most people don't have, then you can safely take 1,000 international units (IU) of vitamin D daily. On the other hand, if your blood level of vitamin D is very low, then your health care professional might suggest taking a significantly higher amount — such as 5,000 IU daily — for a short period of time. Vitamin D dietary supplements have few risks and are generally well-tolerated, especially when taken by mouth. Your health care professional can help you obtain a vitamin D blood test and provide guidance on the proper amount of vitamin D to take if your blood test shows you have a deficiency. Although the supplemental amount of vitamin D recommended by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) is 600 to 800 IU daily, some experts recommend higher daily amounts, especially for individuals who are deficient. The IOM recommends a daily upper limit of 4,000 IU for supplementation. Other experts suggest that up to 10,000 IU daily can be taken safely. Because the risk of toxicity from long-term use can increase at levels above the IOM's recommended amount, if you regularly take more than 4,000 IUs of supplemental vitamin D daily, it is best to do so under the supervision of a health care professional. And, no matter how much you take, it is always advisable to have your vitamin D blood level rechecked periodically. Are there any side effects from taking a vitamin D supplement? Vitamin D supplements have few risks and are generally well-tolerated when used orally and appropriately. However, when taken in an excessive amount, a vitamin D supplement can cause signs and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, fatigue and poor appetite. Is it safe to take vitamin D if I'm taking a prescription medication? Some studies suggest that supplementing with vitamin D could impact the way your body processes certain prescription medications. If you are taking a prescription medication, ask your health care professional if taking a vitamin D dietary supplement might interfere with it.